This changed in 1816, however, after his younger brother, Louis, was accepted into the Vincentian seminary recently founded in Montauban by their uncle, Jacques Perboyre, C.M.

[2] Perboyre entered the novitiate of the Congregation of the Mission (Lazarists) at the minor seminary of Montauban in December 1818.

On the feast of the Holy Innocents 1820, he made the four promises of the Congregation, hoping to serve in its overseas missions.

He was ordained to the priesthood on 23 September 1825, in the chapel of the Daughters of Charity, by Louis Dubourg, PSS, newly installed as the Bishop of Montauban, and on the following day he celebrated Mass for the first time.

On 21 December 1835, he began his journey to Henan in China, the mission assigned him, in a junk ship.

In 1839 the viceroy of the province began a persecution and used the local mandarins to obtain the names of priests and catechists in their areas.

In September 1839, the Mandarin of Hubei, where there was a Vincentian mission center, sent soldiers to arrest the missionaries.

[4] The sentence was confirmed by an imperial edict in 1840, and on 11 September of that year, Perboyre was led to death with seven criminals.

[5] After the obligatory waiting period of five years after death for seeking a person's canonization had expired, a cause for him was introduced to the Holy See.