It uses a unique algorithm based on three multi-faceted polyhedrons floating in RGB colorspace that are used to isolate color regions in the foreground image.
This is most common when filming blonde people against a blue or greenscreen as their translucent hair will absorb the backing screen color.
The Primatte algorithm was created by Yasushi Mishima while working at IMAGICA Corporation in Tokyo, Japan in 1992.
It was initially released as a stand-alone product on Silicon Graphics workstations but it was later determined to be more useful as a ‘plug-in’ actuated from within a host application.
It is available on the Microsoft Windows, Red Hat Linux, SGI IRIX and the Apple Macintosh platforms.