Princess of Carignano

The list ends with Charles Albert, in 1831, after he became King of Sardinia.

The fief of Carignano had belonged to the counts of Savoy since 1418;[1] Carignano was erected by Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy into a principality as an appanage for his third son, Thomas Francis.

south of Turin, meant that it could be a "princedom" for Thomas in name only, being endowed neither with independence nor revenues of substance.

As noted, the Principality was bought by Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon; as such the title was born by his Modenese wife; at his death to passed to his daughter by inheritance.

The title was confiscated off Marie Adélaïde during the French Revolution.