Wild populations currently exist on the leeward side of the Island of Hawaiʻi.

[4] It is threatened by pests such as rats and pigs, which damage trees and eat the seeds before they can grow.

It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.

The fruit of Pritchardia affinis was reportedly the preferred food of the now-extinct ula-ai-hawane—a niche that has been seemingly filled by the introduced lavender waxbill.

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