On 23 July, the Dutch launched an attack in Ledok Ombo village killing 15 soldiers of Indonesian forces.

[5] Indonesian forces launched small scale attacks to the Dutch defensive posts until early August.

They also conducted scorched earth strategy to prevent the Dutch forces utilizing Indonesian facilities and food supply.

[7] The city (under Japanese rule, the level was called shi) mayor (shico) was Gapar Wiryosudibyo, a middle school teacher, while the regency (ken) regent was Nyais Wiryosubroto.

(b) comprises 5 urban kelurahan (Semampir, Patokan, Sidomukti, Kraksaan Wetan and Kandangjati Kulon) and 13 rural desa.

Probolinggo Regency has various tourist attractions including Mount Bromo, Madakaripura waterfall, white water rafting at Pekalen River, and also the Jabung Buddhist temple.

The location is about 1 hour from Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park which Pekalen river cuts Probolinggo city.