[1] PNAAM was originally developed by the First Archivist Circle in 2006 to promote conversation, collaboration, and cultural sensitivity.
[2] They were highly influenced by Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Protocols for Libraries, Archives, and Information Services.
[3][4] PNAAM complements the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act of 1990, which does not cover the repatriation of archival materials that are not human remains or funerary items.
Critics' comments included culturally insensitive and white supremacist language[6][7] and promoted the traditional Western view of archives, that all researchers should be provided with unrestricted access to archival materials.
[4] Prior to national endorsement, several institutions adopted the protocols independently, such as the American Philosophical Society[8] and Northern Arizona University's Cline Library, where PNAAM was originally drafted.