[8] Biblical scholar Mark S. Smith has commented that "Despite enduring support for the comparison of the two texts, enthusiasm for even indirect influence has been tempered in recent decades.

[20] vanGemeren concludes that "though this matter has received extensive treatment (See Allen pp.28–30[21]) any discussion on the literary association is complicated by the insufficient evidence of the cosmological framework of the surrounding nations and, hence, by the tentativeness of any theory explaining the relations and possible polemical use of these materials".

In the context of Vespers, this Psalm is understood to be a hymn of creation, in all the fulness wherein God has created it – it speaks of animals, plants, waters, skies, etc.

[32][33] In the Church of England's Book of Common Prayer, this psalm is appointed to be read on the evening of the twentieth day of the month,[34] as well as at Evensong on Whitsunday.

[35] Verse 9 was interpreted by theologian Jaime Pérez de Valencia (1408-1490) as a corroboration of classical geographer Claudius Ptolemy's hypothesis that the planet's oceans were entirely surrendered by land.

[36] German philosopher Johann Gottfried Herder remarked, "It is worth studying the Hebrew language for ten years in order to read Psalm 104 in the original".

[37] Musician Bob Marley believed that cannabis use was prevalent in the Bible, reading passages such as the 14th verse of Psalm 104 as showing approval of its usage.

Heinrich Schütz composed a four-part setting to a metric German text, "Herr, dich lob die Seele mein", SVW 202, for the 1628 Becker Psalter.

An abridged version of the cantata for four-part choir and organ was performed for his funeral service on 17 April 2021 in St George's Chapel, Windsor.