[1] The settlements were previously an important coal-mining centre, but only one large and one small open-cast coal mine still operates in the area.
There was a mining disaster at Glen Afton on 24 September 1939: 11 men were asphyxiated by carbon monoxide.
[4] The mine is privately owned, so there are no permits and no public record of production.
[5] The company was formed in 2011 and employs 25 staff in its mining and landfill work.
[6] Pukemiro School opened in 1905 and reached a peak roll of over 120 students.