He is a past president of Association for Computational Linguistics (2016–17),[3] and Ex-Vijay and Sita Vashee Chair Professor[4] He currently heads the Natural language processing research group Center For Indian Language Technology (CFILT) lab at IIT Bombay.

A significant contribution of his research is Multilingual Lexical Knowledge Bases like IndoWordNet and Projection.

Automatic Sarcasm Detection, Multilingual Computation, Indian Language Neural Machine Translation and Indowordnet are some of his research trail blazers.

Three monographs co-authored by him titled 'Investigations in Computational Sarcasm' [7] (Springer, with Dr. Aditya Joshi), 'Cognitively Inspired Natural Language Processing- An Investigation Based on Eye Tracking'[8] (Springer, with Dr. Abhijit Mishra) and 'Machine Translation and Transliteration of Low Resource Related Languages' [9] (CRC Press Taylor and Francis group, with Dr. Anoop Kunchukuttan) describe cutting edge research in NLP and ML.

Prof. Bhattacharyya has executed sponsored and consultancy projects for various ministries and top industries and startups, with amount running into tens of crores.