[1] Born into the family of a priest, Vologodsky graduated in 1884 from Tomsk Men's Gymnasium, and later entered the law faculty of St. Petersburg University.

Further, he participated in the preparation of the draft of the "Basic Provisions of the Siberian Regional-Union" and in the work of his congress, the meetings of which were held at his house on August 28–29, 1905.

In March 1917, Pyotr Vologodsky became one of three members of the provincial commissariat for the management of the Tomsk province, created after the removal from the office of Governor Vladimir Dubinsky.

At the end of January 1918, at an illegal meeting of the Siberian Regional Duma, he was elected to the Provisional Government of Autonomous Siberia and was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs.

By a resolution of the Administrative Council of the Provisional Siberian Government of November 3, 1918, Vologodsky was awarded the title of Honorary Citizen of Siberia.