Pythodoris II or Pythodorida II (Greek: Πυθοδωρίς; reigned AD 38–46) was a client ruler of the Odrysian kingdom of Thrace under Roman rule, in association with her father's cousin Rhoemetalces III.
She was a daughter of Tryphaena and the former Thracian King Cotys VIII, and was named after her maternal grandparents and her paternal grandmother.
In 38, after the death of Rhoemetalces II, Tryphaena abdicated the throne at the request of the Roman emperor Caligula.
[2] Caligula and Tryphaena arranged for Pythodoris to marry Rhoemetalces III to repair past dynastic rifts.
Pythodoris II and Rhoemetalces III reigned together as client rulers of Thrace from 38 until 46, when the latter was murdered by insurgents or on the orders of his wife.