Qasr Ibrim

Qasr Ibrim (Arabic: قصر ابريم; Meroitic: Pedeme; Old Nubian: Silimi; Coptic: ⲡⲣⲓⲙ Prim; Latin: Primis) is an archaeological site in Lower Nubia, located in the modern country of Egypt.

The site has a long history of occupation, ranging from as early as the eighth century BC to AD 1813, and was an economic, political, and religious center.

Qasr Ibrim is the only major archaeological site in Lower Nubia to have survived the Aswan Dam floods.

Human habitation at the site dates from the Late Period of ancient Egypt, but it reached its greatest prominence in the Middle Ages, when the area was the home of the Eparch of Nobatia.

Qasr Ibrim is the source of the largest collection of Old Nubian documents ever found, including the records of the Eparch.

The stela was found in a now-ruined Christian Byzantine cathedral at Qasr Ibrim where it had been reused in one of the church's crypts.

"[5] Qasr Ibrim played a key role in Rome's defense of the Aswan region, and was likely held until AD 100 or later.

It wasn't until the city became part of the kingdom of Makuria, in the early 8th century, that Qasr Ibrim became a center for Christianity.

[6] The city held out against Islam until the 16th century, when a unit of Bosnian soldiers, part of the Ottoman army, occupied the site.

[12] There are still areas around the complex that have yet to be excavated, although some sites, including those near the river, were destroyed in floods caused by the Aswan Dam.

[17] The ritually-deposited remains of a domesticated chicken were also found below a house floor, and date to the post-Meroitic period (late 5th to early 6th centuries AD).

These documents show the significance of Qasr Ibrim as a frontier society, and the center of a vast trade network.

Qasr Ibrim in 2008.
Sandstone Stela Dated to Year 8 of Pharaoh Amenhotep I (~1530 BC, 18th Dynasty, from Qasr Ibrim) - British Museum.
Stela of Georgios, bishop of Ibrim, 10th to 11th century, currently housed in the Petrie Museum.
View of Qasr Ibrim in 1820
Island of Qasr Ibrim in the Lake Nasser.
Original Roman caliga , found at Qasr Ibrim, Egypt. 1st century BC – 1st century AD. British Museum, room 65.