Abu Aziz Qatada ibn Idris al-Hasani al-Alawi al-Yanbu'i al-Makki (Arabic: أبو عزيز قتادة بن إدريس الحسني العلوي الينبعى المكي, romanized: Abū ʿAzīz Qatāda ibn Idrīs al-Ḥasanī al-ʿAlawī al-Yanbuʿī al-Makkī; d. 1220/1221) was the Sharif of Mecca, reigning from 1201 to 1220/1221.
He also founded the Banu Qatadah dynasty and established a tradition of sharifs descended from him to rule Mecca which lasted until the office was abolished in 1925.
[3] He claimed to be a sharif — apparently a descendant of Muhammad's grandson Hasan ibn Ali, in the fifteenth degree.
[6][4][7] Peters theorizes that Qatada may have taken part in the defense of Medina against the expeditionary Crusader force launched by Raynald of Châtillon in 1183.
After gaining control over the Emirate of Mecca, Qatadah extended his influence to Medina and Ta'if, and parts of Najd and Yemen.
He maintained a garrisoned fortress in Yanbu which made it possible to exact a good share of the profits of the Red Sea trade as it stopped at this port before proceeding to Egypt.
After visiting and praying at the Islamic prophet Muhammad's chamber in the Masjid an-Nabawi, Qatada proceeded to confront Salim.
Accordingly, caravans from Cairo, Baghdad, and Damascus were accompanied by whatever number of troops the caliph or sultan deemed necessary to deliver a message to Qatada.
According to the medieval Muslim historian, Ibn al-Athir, Qatada, who had been feeling ill, assembled an army led by his brother and Hasan to march towards Medina.
Hasan then left the residence to inform the townspeople that his father was very ill and then recalled the local leaders of Mecca to tell them that Qatada was dead.