In addition to the Russian market, RAO UES exported electricity to Scandinavia and to other members of the CIS.

Most of the state-owned electric energy assets, such as thermal and hydroelectric power plants, transmission lines, state-owned shares in power, research & engineering, and construction companies were transferred to RAO UES, with the exception of any assets related to nuclear energy.

In total, RAO UES owned more than 70 of the energy companies and more than 40 of the power plants with federal-level importance.

The first head of the company was Anatoly Dyakov, who held the positions of president and chairman of the director's council.

The first stage of the reorganization was completed on September 3, 2007, during which subsidiary generating companies, WGC-5 and TGC-5, were individually spun off from the parent RAO UES.