Kathleen Rachel Maxwell-Hyslop, FSA, FBA (née Clay, 27 March 1914 – 9 May 2011) was an English archaeologist and scholar of the Ancient Near East.

She was inspired by Kathleen Kenyon to join the newly established Institute of Archaeology at the University of London in 1934, one of its first three students.

Her archaeological research on metal artefacts from the ancient Near East resulted in two articles on western Asian swords and daggers, establishing a new typology for these matériel.

[9][2] In 1971, she published her authoritative survey of Western Asian jewellery and ornaments, again establishing a typology and demonstrating the links between articles found across the ancient Near East.

[10] As an attempt to synthesise the disparate material, it has not been superseded despite later discoveries at sites such as Nimrud, but only refined in its view of dating and distribution.