Aldulescu was born in Piteasca, Ilfov County, and started to study the cello at the age of six with his grandfather Dimitrie Dinicu.
When he was twelve, he entered the Royal Academy of Music and Dramatic Art in Bucharest, graduating after five years.
He made his musical debut in 1941 with the National Radio Orchestra of Romania.
In 1969, Aldulescu left Romania, settling down in Italy, where he founded, in 1972, the "Trio d’Archi di Roma" together with violinist Salvatore Accardo and violist Luigi Alberto Bianchi.
His students included Paulo Gaio Lima, Ulf Tischbirck, Gemma Serpenti, Mariet van Dijk, Șerban Nichifor, Mirel Iancovici, Marin Cazacu, Eduardo Vassallo, Luigi Piovano, Oliver Parr and Claudia Weertman He died in Nice, France, on 19 March 2006.