Until the 12th century, also the Vinschgau region, the valley called Urseren, and possibly Galtür and either parts or all of Glarus belonged to Raetia Curiensis.

After the Alpine regions were conquered during the campaigns of Emperor Augustus in 15 BC, the lands between the Inn and Danube rivers were incorporated into the Provincia Raetia et Vindelicia, an Imperial province governed by a Senator exercising the functions of a Praetor.

The civil administration was entrusted to lower-ranking praeses officials, who took their seats at Curia Raetorum (Chur) and Augusta Vindelicorum (Augsburg).

Nevertheless, though there are only very limited historical sources for the following Merovingian period, the commercial ties with the Italian Kingdom of the Lombards south of the Alps remained vital.

In parallel with the development of feudalism in Western Europe, political power became fragmented over the 10th and 11th centuries, and Churraetia was divided into the three counties of Oberrätien, Unterrätien and Vinschgau.

Raetia as a geographic designation remained in use at the end of the medieval period, when political power passed to the Three Leagues (Drei Bünde) federation.

In contrast to the remaining part of the former province of Raetia, Churraetia managed to retain its Latin character, giving rise to the Romansh language, spoken throughout its territory during the Middle Ages.