Rafael Ángel Jorge Julián Barrett y Álvarez de Toledo (1876–1910) was a Spanish journalist and writer, and a major figure in 20th century Paraguayan literature.

For El Diario Español, he wrote of the extreme class stratification he witnessed in the Argentine capital, declaring: "At that moment I understood the greatness of the anarchist’s cause, and came to admire the magnificent joy with which dynamite thunders and cracks the vile human anthill.

Barrett befriended the liberal leader Benigno Ferreira, who appointed him as director of the country's engineering department and secretary of the national railway agency.

[1] By this time, a political crisis within the ruling Liberal Party had culminated in a coup d'état by Emiliano González Navero, whose administration initiated a crackdown against the labor movement.

[6] Under the order of the liberal military leader Albino Jara, on 11 October 1908, Barrett was expelled from Paraguay to Brazil.

His work was well-received by contemporary Uruguayan intellectuals, including Ángel Falco [es], Emilio Frugoni, José Enrique Rodó and Carlos Vaz Ferreira.

[1] Barrett was drawn towards anarchism during his time in Buenos Aires, where he began advocating for direct action against social injustice.

He had a non-doctrinaire conception of socialism and avoided participating in political sectarianism, instead calling for cooperation between anarchists and Marxists against capitalism.