Rafael de Penagos

He immersed himself in the cultural life of Madrid, and participated assiduously in the tertulias of Valle-Inclán at the Nuevo Café de Levante.

He illustrated the heroines of the novels of Emilio Salgari, such as Yolanda, Daughter of the Black Corsair and Honorata de Wan Guld.

In 1953 he returned to Spain, and died a year later in Madrid, where he had served as the chair of the department of Illustration at the Instituto de Bachillerato Cervantes.

"[1] Penagos' illustrations helped change the mentality and customs of the Spanish woman, making her life feel less provincial and more European and cosmopolitan.

[1] Penagos "gave them a bob cut, made them more slender, put them on a bicycle, had them smoke from a cigarette holder, painted their nails red, and if that wasn't enough, had them dance the Charleston.