Raya Garbousova (Russian: Ра́я Га́рбузова; September 25, 1909[1] – January 28, 1997) was a Russian-born American cellist and teacher.

[2][3] According to the biography contained in the program booklet for the 1997 memorial concert in her honor in DeKalb, Illinois, she made her formal debut in Moscow in 1923 and left the Soviet Union in 1925.

Barber wrote his cello concerto for her, and she performed its world premiere with Serge Koussevitzky and the Boston Symphony Orchestra in 1946.

For her students, in addition to providing the typical technical and musical instruction which master teachers provide, she added the perspective of having personally known many of the great composers and string soloists of the twentieth century.

In this same document, János Starker stated, "But play she did and on a level of artistry that earned her a place among the handful of truly greats of the century."