Rayko Nikolov Aleksiev (Bulgarian: Райко Николов Алексиев; 7 March 1893 – 18 November 1944) was a Bulgarian painter, caricaturist, and writer of feuilletons.

He established Shturets, a hugely successful satirical newspaper, in 1932.

Known for his uncompromising satire, Aleksiev was especially disliked by Bulgarian communists due to his famous caricatures of Joseph Stalin.

After the Bulgarian coup d'état of 1944 he was, like many other intellectuals, arrested by the newly formed people's militia.

Aleksiev was posthumously sentenced to death by the People's Court.