Raymond Hawkey

Raymond John Hawkey (2 February 1930 – 22 August 2010) was an English graphic designer and author, based in London.

In July 1986 he was co-designer (with Tony Mullins) of the first dummy of The Independent, but it is not clear how much of his contribution survived the painful cycles of redesign before the launch[6][7] During his time at the Royal College of Art Hawkey first encountered Len Deighton when Deighton (another RCA scholarship student at that time) gatecrashed a literary party that Hawkey was helping to organise.

[8] He went on to design covers for Deighton's books, including Horse Under Water, Funeral in Berlin and The Action Cookbook (where the IPCRESS revolver reappears, this time with a sprig of parsley in the barrel).

[9] Hawkey designed covers for works by many other authors, including the Pan paperback editions of James Bond published from 1963 to 1969, which the Financial Times described[10] as having "a stark elegance... consistently menacing and memorable.

A key element was Hawkey's bold use of lettering- the sans-serif James Bond wording is far larger than the book title or the author's name.