Re Alex[1] was a legal case decided in the Family Court of Australia on 13 April 2004.

Alex was diagnosed as experiencing the condition called "gender identity disorder" (often experienced by transgender people) controversially contained in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ("DSM IV") maintained by the American Psychiatrists Association.

The key issue was whether the Victorian State Government Department having the responsibility for Alex's care and welfare or the Family Court of Australia should have responsibility for the authorisation of medical treatment involving the administration of hormonal therapies to assist Alex to have a body with secondary sexual characteristics most appropriate to his innate affirmed maleness and, in so doing, relieve him of the extreme suffering he was experiencing as a result of female pubertal development.

Chief Justice Nicholson ruled as follows:[2] In 2004, it was not contemplated that Alex would undergo any surgical intervention while he was under the age of at least 18 years.

Chief Justice Bryant authorised the procedure in October 2007 however her reasons for judgment were not published until 2009.