It runs railway infrastructure, as well as regional and long-distance passenger services in Bavaria and Saxony with links into the Czech Republic, and Germany-wide goods trains.
The company acquired in 1903 the granite factory of Teisnach AG and the Prünst quarry, that still provides ballast for track construction today.
In 2002 the Regentalbahn acquired the trade name Die Länderbahn ("The State Railway"), with which it is clear that it is active in Bavaria, Saxony, Thuringia and the Czech Republic.
Since 1997 Regental Bahnbetriebs has operated all the lines of the Bavarian Forest railway under contract to the Deutsche Bahn (DB Regio Bayern).
In December 2003, the Allgäu Express (ALEX) started working between Munich and Oberstdorf as a substitute for the withdrawn Interregio-Linie 25.
The trade mark ALEX was retained, but will mean from now on Arriva Länderbahn Express; services on the Vogtlandbahn will be phased out.
The Regentalbahn is a member of the Tarifverband der Bundeseigenen und Nichtbundeseigenen Eisenbahnen in Deutschland (TBNE).
In autumn 2004 the Free State sold its share majority to the British transport company Arriva which has Europe-wide interests.
The new owners are the Italian state railways (Ferrovie dello Stato) together with Luxembourg infrastructure fund Cube.