Regio II Caelimontium

According to Livy, during the reign of Tullus Hostilius, the entire population of Alba Longa was forcibly resettled on the Caelian Hill.

Archaeological work under the Baths of Caracalla has uncovered the remains of lavish villas complete with murals and mosaics.

A measurement taken at the end of the 4th century recorded that the perimeter of the region was 12,200 Roman feet (approximately 3.61 km).

The region also contained the Macellum Magnum (or Great Market), the station of the fifth cohort of the Vigiles, and the Castra Peregrina.

[4] Also mentioned as being situated here was the Caput Africae, probably an educational and training institution (paedagogium) for young boys who would serve as imperial staff.