The Regius Professor of Medicine is an appointment held at the University of Aberdeen, in Scotland and was formally founded in 1858 by Queen Victoria.
The University of Aberdeen, however, states that this professorship was founded in 1497 and is the oldest regius chair in the English speaking world.
[1] That claim is based upon the establishment at King's College, Aberdeen, at the end of the 15th century of a teaching post known as the "Mediciner".
At this time it was usual for well-educated men to include a knowledge of physics among their literary and philosophical studies, even when there was no intention of adopting medicine as a profession...
Although technically "regally founded" by dint of being established following the inception of King's College, there is no evidence that it was known as the "Regius Chair of Medicine" prior to 1858.