is outfitted with a 22 kWh lithium-ion battery which allows a total all-electric range of 185 km (115 mi) measured on the NEDC combined cycle, with speeds up to 135 km/h (84 mph).

was the first modern electric car known to be enabled with battery swapping technology and deployed within the Better Place network in Israel and Denmark in 2012.

[7][8] The Better Place version was built at the Oyak-Renault plant in Bursa, Turkey, like the main Fluence trims.

phased out, a fixed-battery version called Renault Samsung SM3 ZE was launched in South Korea.

[6][11] The Fluences used a PRND gate selector as well as providing a small amount of creep in 'D' to emulate the behaviour of traditional internal combustion engine equipped automatic transmission cars.

In a demonstration with electric taxi cabs run in Tokyo until the end of 2010, the trial battery switch station allowed drivers to exchange their car's depleted battery pack for a 100 miles (160 km) fully recharged one in 59.1 seconds on average.

The Oscar in-car navigation system uses a WiFi connection to communicate with the station's computers and an RFID tag on the windscreen of the subscriber's car identifies it.

The dashboard screen and external monitors then give instructions to select Neutral and turn off the ignition.

In just a few minutes, a robot beneath the car removes the depleted battery and replaces it with a full one.

The company's financial difficulties were caused by the high investment required to develop the charging and swapping infrastructure, about US$850 million in private capital, and a market penetration significantly lower than originally predicted.

was scheduled to be sold by mid-2012, once the roll out of Better Place's battery swap network had begun, initiating in Canberra.

The electric car was scheduled to go on sale to the public from a number of dealers across the country in the fourth quarter of 2012.

[23] However, the car never made it into mass production, possibly because China's EV range standards and associated subsidies were rapidly tightened in the following years.

Consumers also paid a one-time fee of 9,995 DKK (€1,341) for a private charging station and Better Place offered a choice of five fixed-price switchable-battery packages based on kilometers driven per year.

[25][26] The first Better Place battery switch station in Denmark, out of 20 planned to be deployed across the country until March 2012, was unveiled in June 2011 at Gladsaxe, near Copenhagen.

[34] Orders for the Renault Fluence ZE began in July 2011 starting at NIS 123,000 (€24.580, US$35,114), a price slightly higher than gasoline-powered car of similar size.

The service plans were priced according to annual mileage and also include installation and maintenance of a home recharging station, free access to Better Place's battery replacement stations, battery availability, a computerized driver support system, navigation aids, and roadside service.

[39][40] After Better Place filed for bankruptcy in May 2013, the court liquidator will have to decide what to do with customers who do not have ownership of the battery and risk being left with a useless car.

was unveiled at the 2011 Seoul Motor Show, and entered into series production at the Busan factory during October 2013.

The company set a production target of about 4,000 units per year and it is partly financed by the South Korean Government.

led electric vehicle sales in the country, capturing a 58% market share of the segment and 453 cars sold that year.

The company attributed this to its AC-3 charger, its greater range compared to rivals and a better warranty for the battery.

The batteries required a mandatory lease which according to Renault, was the UK's most affordable electric car.