During the 1932 Summer Olympics, held in Los Angeles, the federation used the name "China" and only one athlete, Liu Changchun, competed in sprinting.

[3][4] In the aftermath of the Chinese Civil War, nineteen of the twenty-six members of the federation left the mainland for Taiwan.

[5] Therefore, the federation reorganized itself as the Republic of China Olympic Committee (ROCOC, 中華民國奧林匹克委員會) on 1 January 1960,[5] and this name was approved in the 1960s.

[11] The United States Olympic Committee tried to solve the problem of the membership between ROCOC and Chinese Olympic Committee during the 81st IOC Session in Montevideo, Uruguay, as relations between Republic of China and the United States of America broke off in 1979.

Moreover, the Chinese Taipei team would use the letter "T" to determine alphabetical order in the IOC Directory.

This agreement paved the way for ROC participation in the 1990 Asian Games scheduled for Beijing.

The periphery shape is plum blossom that symbolizes the National Flower of the Republic of China.