Retraining

to be provided on a regular basis to avoid personnel obsolescence due to technological changes and the individuals' memory capacity.

This kind of training could be provided annually or more frequently as maybe required, based on the importance of consistency of the task of which the skill is involved.

The need to retrain workers is often thought to apply to older members of the workforce, many of whom saw their occupations disappear and their skills lose value as technology, outsourcing and a weak economy combined to erode their ability to make a living.

[1] While the stereotype for retraining needs is the older worker, youth in the United States and across the European Community (OECD) and Africa suffer from the same problem.

[2] “In both Britain and the United States, many people with expensive liberal arts degrees are finding it impossible to get decent jobs,” reports the Economist in its April 27, 2013 issue,[3] adding that in northern Africa, job applicants with degrees face an unemployment level twice that of non-degreed candidates.

[5] The need for greater partnership and transfer of information between institutions of higher education is essential in reducing the skills gap for old and young people alike.