Revista Bohemia

An additional note is that in this early era of media consumption in Cuba, magazines were not the preferred method of news, with most consumers desiring particularly the journalism provided in newspapers.

[12] Their headquarters and offices were located within the Bohemia building for many years, with Quevedo Perez being a founder and primary benefactor, having written many of their bylaws himself.

This included Ernesto Lecuona, who organized an entire music concert with the Cuban National Conservatory and performed in support of the Bohemia submarine campaign.

[26] In the same 1930 issue, Bohemia caught up with the young European scientist Albert Einstein when he visited Cuba, with a full-page photo spread and multi-page story dedicated to explaining his life after discovering the theory of everything, and his enjoyment of walking on the beach.

[28][29] Alongside feminism, she promoted free love, homosexuality, class equity, anti-machismo ideals, and more radical ideas.

Our enthusiastic welcome of the feminist campaign must now have a more systematic effectiveness..."[27]Rodriguez Acosta also led the funeral procession for Rafael Trejo, the first "martyr" of the Machado regime.

[30]In August 6, 1933, Bohemia published an issue in which it printed a letter that demanded Machado vacate the office of the Presidency of Cuba, which included:[32] "We would be guilty of insincerity or of pusillanimity if we did not raise our voices in such serious hours.

And now your departure from the relationship has been elevated to the category of a national desire...[32] Out of respect for the sacred memories that you have so often invoked, you must prevent, with a generous manner, that the independence of Cuba suffer an eclipse.

[31] This special issue sold more than forty five thousand copies, and directly accused government institutions of being implicit in the crimes of the regime.

[31] The website Photos of Havana suggests that if it were not for the publication of the Tribute to the victims of Machado, the Sergeant's Coup might never have happened the very next month.

[31] The suggestion it that it is possible that without this special issue, Fulgencio Batista, the Pentarchy of 1933, Manuel Benitez Valdés, and the rest of the dictators that followed the Sergeant's Coup might never have existed.

[31] In this period, Bohemia stood in opposition to what it called las dictaduras caudillescas, or the political backsliding of democracies in Latin America into dictatorships.

Bohemia began publishing articles in opposition to Anastasio Somoza García, Rafael Trujillo, Marcos Pérez Jiménez, and Jorge Ubico.

[12] After the Cuban Revolution of 1933 and the ouster of Machado, Bohemia also became a vocal critic of the myriad dictatorships that gripped Cuba in the 1930s, 1940s and 1950's - Ramón Grau, Fulgencio Batista, and others.

[33] From the perspective of Cuba during World War II, Bohemia also published articles in opposition to European dictators such as Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Francisco Franco, and António de Oliveira Salazar.

On November 10, 1942, Bohemia captured the last-known photograph of Heinz Lüning, the only German spy executed in all of Latin America during World War II.

En Cuba critiqued the government administrations of Ramón Grau and Carlos Prío Socarrás after Batista's first tenure as President.

This country has also just entered the fateful series of American republics where governments remain or succeed one another without the people intervening in the alternatives of Power…"[12][38]Batista then assigned Ernesto de la Fe to be his Minister of Propaganda, who ensured an era of soft censorships.

In 1954, Carlos Castillo Armas and Enrique Salazr-Liekens wrote an open letter to Bohemia, responding to the magazine's negative coverage of their coup.

Now that the period of censorship is over, BOHEMIA is once again what it has always been: an independent publication, free of all political partisanship, a passionate lover and defender of freedom, firm in its doctrine and in its democratic faith, and careful to ensure that in Cuba the majority will of the people is respected and human rights are worshipped.

Hence the following reports and many other pieces of information which, before and after censorship, have had the finality not to disturb the already rather murky national political atmosphere, but, on the contrary, to shed some ray of light on it in the hope that it may yet be cleared up.

That our authorities have closed the door to news workers is regrettable, not only from a strictly informative point of view, but also in consideration of the highest interests of the nation.

[12] On July 26, 1958 the magazine published the Sierra Maestra Manifesto, a document that purported to unify the opposition groups fighting Batista.

It has been argued by many Cuban historians that - much like the overthrow of Machado - Fidel Castro's revolutionary movement would not have been successful without the support of Bohemia.

[12] On January 11, 1959, after the success of the Cuban Revolution, Bohemia published the first Liberty Edition issue, of which more than one million copies of the magazine were printed, and sold out in just a few hours.

[41] According to Cubaen Centro: "...the accusations against Batista created the false perception that Quevedo was a supporter of Castro, but in reality he was advocating a peaceful and electoral solution to the Cuban problem.

And since Castro knew perfectly well that the magazine was very well received among Cubans, 'he maneuvered against Quevedo to impose Enrique De la Osa as director and end Bohemia 's independence.

'"[41]Bohemia became subject to the laws of the communist state, entering into its era of communist-style government censorship, and its editorial style quickly aligned with state-sponsored ideology.

This means updating ourselves, investing in technology, for example, in training, to improve both the printed magazine and its digital version, and to be able to undertake other editorial or communication projects in general.

However, with the softening of Cuban relations with the United States, and the dissolution of the PCC in 2018, Bohemia has started publishing articles again with a negative slant toward government overreach.