Rhosllanerchrugog[2][3] (/ˌroʊsˌlænərˈkriːɡɒɡ/;[4] standardised and also spelled as Rhosllannerchrugog,[3][5] [r̥ɔsˌɬanɛrχˈrɨːɡɔɡ] ⓘ or simply Rhos) is a village and community in Wrexham County Borough, Wales.

[6] The name of the village is derived from that of the old Llanerchrugog estate, once one of the landholdings of Cynwrig ap Rhiwallon, Lord of Maelor Gymraeg.

By the early 18th century the Rhosllanerchrugog mines were the property of the future Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn, 3rd Baronet, of Wynnstay, a member of the area's major landowning family and a prominent Jacobite.

At the accession of George I in August 1714, Williams-Wynn incited the miners of Rhos to march to Wrexham, singing Jacobite songs, to sack two Dissenting meeting houses, to smash the windows of Whig tradesmen and to prevent the bells of Wrexham church ringing to celebrate the accession.

[18] The Jacobite politics of the district's landlord and his tenants is popularly thought to be the source of the nickname "Jackos" or "Jacos" still applied to inhabitants of Rhos.

[19] A symbol of Rhos' coal-mining and labour movement heritage is seen in the "Stiwt", the miners' institute in Broad Street.

The many informal fringe performances around this event were memorialised in the poem "The Cross Foxes" by Harri Webb, remembering the night when in Rhos "we drank the pub dry".

Notable buildings in the village include: The Stiwt Theatre, formerly the "Miners' Institute" (Plas Mwynwyr), which was built in 1926 to the designs of John Owen of Wrexham and F. A. Roberts, Mold.

Church of St John Evangelist A grade II listed building, built in 1852 to a design by Thomas Penson and consecrated on 4 October 1853.

A good example of a Romanesque Revival church, it is Norman style, with coursed and squared sandstone and slate roofs.

[11] Another typical feature is the contraction of verbal phrases, so that for example Yr oedd gennyf ("I had") is rendered as ['ogai] and Mae'n rhaid i mi ("I have to") as ['haimi].

The main example is a word that has become synonymous with the village: the demonstrative adjective nene (pronounced approximately [neːneː]), meaning "that", or more specifically "that over there".

[31] While the related forms ene ("that") and dene ("there [...] is") are found in other parts of North-East Wales, nene is specific to Rhos.

[31] The word's association with the village is reflected in the title of the community's monthly newspaper, Nene, founded by the campaigner and local historian Ieuan Roberts ("Ieu Rhos", 1949–2016).

The council reportedly planned to cover the cemetery with a lawn and feared that such tributes would breach health and safety rules.

Feeling the council had handled the issue insensitively, relatives collected an 850-signature petition and 60 families made a public protest.

Paying in 20d a week, the Stiwt was both built and run by the wages of the Miners, the descendants of which continually have to fight to keep it open after almost facing closure in 1977, 1996 and 2016.

[38] In 1905 the passenger service was extended to halts at Brook Street (the location of the Rhos goods station), Pant and (via the former Ruabon Brook Tramway) Wynn Hall, although goods trains ran through to Froncysyllte wharf on the Shropshire Union Canal via Plas Bennion and Acrefair.

The tram service began operating in 1903, and originally ran from Penybryn in Wrexham to the New Inn in Johnstown, but this was soon extended up Gutter Hill to Duke Street in Rhos.

The red and cream buses of Phillips & Son of Rhostyllen ran from Wrexham to Rhos via Johnstown, and at one time on to Tainant, from 1927 until it was taken over by Crosville in 1979.

The last surviving independent local company, Wright & Son, ran a service from Pen-y-cae to Wrexham via Rhos, and later via Ponciau also.

Crosville itself became part of the Arriva group, which still operates a frequent bus service between Rhos and Wrexham city centre.