Located in the southern part of the county, it borders the following townships: Two incorporated villages are located in Richland Township: part of Lore City in the north, and Senecaville in the south.

Leatherwood Creek flows through the northern part of the township.

[5] It is one of twelve Richland Townships statewide.

[6] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[7] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.