Robert Alan Levine (March 27, 1932 – August 2023) was an American anthropologist best known for his multidisciplinary and cross-cultural work on child development.

He spent much of his academic career at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, where he had been an emeritus professor since 1998.

[2] Among other concepts, he is known for advancing a pluralistic view of ethnopsychologies, including critiquing contemporary psychological trait theory as ethnocentric.

[3] Levine was recognized in many ways for his contributions to social and psychological anthropology and to the understanding of child development.

In 1980, he was elected president of the Society for Psychological Anthropology, and in 1997 he received the SPA's Lifetime Achievement Award.