Robert Melville Cuthbertson (18 June 1869 – 4 July 1940) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Bacchus Marsh to builder James Cuthbertson and Jessie Watson.
From 1912 to 1933 he served as a member of South Melbourne City Council, with a period as mayor from 1918 to 1919.
In 1927 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for Albert Park.
He was appointed Assistant Minister of Public Instruction in 1928, but he lost his seat in 1929.