Robert Judson Aley (May 11, 1863 – July 1, 1935) was an American mathematician and university president.

[1] Born in Coal City, Indiana, Aley attended public schools.

After three years of teaching in rural schools, he attended and eventually graduated from Valparaiso University (Bachelor of Science, 1882).

He was hired as head of the mathematics department at Indiana in 1891 and continued in that position until 1909.

A fervent supporter of United States involvement in World War I, he made attendance mandatory for pro-war events in and near the campus.