Heinrich Robert Hellmuth Kudicke (born 12 December 1876 in Preußisch Eylau, Province of Prussia, died 8 May 1961) was a German physician, epidemiologist and one of the leading experts on tropical diseases in his lifetime.
A long-time collaborator of Nobel laureate Robert Koch, he is especially known for his work with African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness in the early 20th century.
He worked as a military doctor in the colonial administration in German East Africa from 1902, and became director of the laboratory of the governmental hospital in Dar es Salaam from 1911.
Subsequently, he was Professor of Bacteriology and dean of the medical faculty of the Sun Yat-sen University in Canton in the Republic of China from 1927 to 1933.
During November and December 1941, Kudicke tested a new Typhus vaccine on 228 Jews of the Warsaw ghetto; 24 of them developed severe adverse effects and died later on.