Robert Martin Douglas (January 28, 1849 – February 8, 1917) was a North Carolina Supreme Court justice and political figure.

He and his brother Stephen spent considerable time when young with their maternal grandmother and the Martin family in their mother's home state.

The family split their time between homes in Washington, D.C. and Chicago, Illinois during his father's Senate service.

In the aftermath of the American Civil War, Douglas turned away from the Democratic Party to which his father had belonged.

[4] A principal contributor to the building of St. Agnes Church in Greensboro, Douglas authored the article on "North Carolina" for the Catholic Encyclopedia.