Robert Marjolin (27 July 1911 – 15 April 1986) was a French economist and politician involved in the formation of the European Economic Community.

After the June 1940 French surrender to Germany during the Second World War, Marjolin became an economic advisor to the De Gaulle Government-in-exile in Great Britain.

After the war, Marjolin became the first director of the foreign trade department in the French Ministry of Economic Affairs and then junior minister for the reconstruction of France.

In 1948 Marjolin was appointed the first Secretary-General of the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) which was established to implement the Marshall Plan.

Particularly in the last years of his involvement, he tried to divert the organization from its course as a purely technical authority for the administration of European trade relations.

For a short time, he was a member of the staff of the socialist minister of foreign affairs Christian Pineau and an economics professor at the University of Nancy.