Robert Pryor Henry (November 24, 1788 – August 25, 1826) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky.

Born in Henrys Mills, Kentucky (then a part of Virginia), Henry pursued classical studies and was graduated from Transylvania College, Lexington, Kentucky.

Henry was elected as a Jackson Republican to the Eighteenth Congress and reelected as a Jacksonian candidate to the Nineteenth Congress and served from March 4, 1823, until his death in Hopkinsville, Kentucky, August 25, 1826.

His brother John Flournoy Henry took over his seat until the next election in 1827.

This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress