Robert Allan Pyne (October 29, 1853 – June 18, 1931) was an Ontario physician and political figure.

He was born in Newmarket, Canada West, the son of Doctor Thomas Pyne.

Pyne served as secretary and treasurer for the Ontario College of Physicians and Surgeons.

During the war he was put in charge of establishing the Ontario Military Hospital at Orpington, Kent, England, at which time he was made a lieutenant-colonel in the Canadian Army.

During his lengthy absence G. Howard Ferguson served as Acting Minister of Education.