Stuart-Robertson was born in Booligal and was the son of Robert John Stuart Robertson, a self-proclaimed doctor, and Catherine Eleanor JOYCE.
He was educated to elementary level at Bourke, where his family moved after his father's alleged death when Stuart-Robertson was 4 years old.
At the 1907 general election, he was the Australian Labor Party candidate for the Legislative Assembly seat of Camperdown and defeated the sitting member James Smith.
As a result, he was unpopular in caucus and his only ministerial appointment was as Minister for Health in a caretaker government prior to the 1927 election.
Lang formed this government solely from his supporters when he encountered significant opposition from the caucus elected cabinet.