Robert Tillmanns (April 5, 1896 in Barmen – November 12, 1955 in Berlin) was a German politician.

From 1931 he worked as a council member in the Prussian Ministry of Culture, from which he was dismissed for political reasons in 1933.

After the war he was Secretary General of the Agency of the Evangelical Church in Germany until 1949.

After the Second World War Tillmanns, together with Jakob Kaiser and Ernst Lemmer, founded the CDU in Berlin and the Soviet occupation zone.

After the elections in 1953, Tillmanns was appointed on 20 October the Federal Minister for Special Affairs in the Federal Government led by the Chancellor Konrad Adenauer, and during his tenure was a member of the "Cabinet of Elders" in the Bundestag.