In 1886, construction was begun on the new courthouse and a school and post office opened.

In 1890, the population was estimated to be 300 people and the town had a hotel, two general stores, Baptist and Methodist churches, a restaurant, and a weekly newspaper, the Fisher County Call.

In 2016, a new jail was built and the brick jailhouse was declared a historic landmark.

The most recent courthouse was built in 1972, and is strikingly modern in comparison to those found in many Texas counties.

The city was plagued by insufficient water throughout its life and finally in 1953 during a long period of drought, water from Oak Creek Lake at Blackwell was piped in.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.7 square miles (1.8 km2), all land.

Roby's climate type occurs primarily on the periphery of the true deserts in low-latitude semiarid steppe regions.

[5] As of the 2020 United States census, 591 people, 306 households, and 216 families were residing in the city.

As of the census[3] of 2000, 673 people, 264 households, and 175 families resided in the city.

Forty-two lucky residents of Roby put $10 each in a lottery pool in 1996 and won the $46,000,000 jackpot on Thanksgiving of that year, making 6–7% percent of the population millionaires instantly (before taxes).