It is published by the International Federation of Rock Art Organizations (IFRAO) and the Australian Rock Art Research Association (AURA) and was established in 1984.

It is the only refereed journal specifically dedicated to the field of prehistoric art and is listed by several indexing services and by rating agencies such as Scopus (Cite Score 0.44, SJR 0.276, SNIP 0.625).

Rock Art Research is distributed worldwide and as of December 2016, has published 1218 signed contributions by a total of over 350 authors.

The journal bridges numerous disciplines, including geochemistry, geomorphology, art history, ethnography, conservation science, human evolution, anthropology, archaeology, semiotics and others, with an editorial emphasis on the hard sciences.

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