Rocky Mountain Laboratories (RML) is part of the NIH Intramural Research Program and is located in Hamilton, Montana.

It was opened in 1928 by the Montana State Board of Entomology to study Rocky Mountain spotted fever and the ticks, Dermacentor andersoni, that carry it.

In 1932, after spotted fever was diagnosed in other states, the federal government bought the facility and renamed it Rocky Mountain Laboratory.

The laboratory expanded, adding faculty to study zoonotic diseases including typhus, tularemia, and Q-fever.

[7] During World War II, the United States Public Health Service used the laboratory to manufacture Yellow fever vaccine.