Sir Roderick Sheldon Deane KNZM (born 8 April 1941) is a New Zealand economist, public sector reformer, and businessman.

During his doctoral research, Deane began corresponding with future Reserve Bank Governor Don Brash, forming a friendship that would continue throughout their careers.

While at the Reserve Bank, Deane published numerous papers on monetary, exchange-rate, and fiscal policy, as well as in the fields of international economics.

He authored and edited a range of books on monetary policy and financial-sector matters, the external sector and foreign investment.

In 1984, with the election of the Fourth Labour government, Deane led those elements within the Reserve Bank calling for a devaluation of the New Zealand dollar.

During the crisis, Deane took the unprecedented step of closing the New Zealand currency to international trading pending settlement of the dispute.

Along with Minister of Finance Roger Douglas, Deane served as the principal architect of state-sector reform and corporatisation of New Zealand's State-Owned Enterprises.

From 2000 to 2003 Deane held a personal Chair as Professor of Economics and Management at Victoria University of Wellington,[11] which awarded him an honorary Doctorate of Laws.

[13] In the 2012 Queen's Birthday and Diamond Jubilee Honours, Deane was appointed a Knight Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit.