Rohrbach Roland

[1] It was capable of unrivalled performance in some categories; during its early years, the type held no less than 22 world records.

[2] The Roland, which performed its maiden flight in 1926, was promptly adopted by the German airline Deutsche Luft Hansa later that same year, using it on its route between Berlin and London via Hanover and Amsterdam.

[3] In 1929, Rohrbach produced nine examples of a substantially updated Roland for Luft Hansa, which featured a major redesign of the flight deck, and a new wing design.

[4] During his 1932 election campaign, Adolf Hitler hired a Rohrbach Ro VIII Roland aeroplane from Deutsche Luft Hansa for his two first series of campaign flights in March and July; this aircraft was named Immelmann I after the First World War-era pilot Max Immelmann.

[6] The aircraft conformed with the Rohrbach system of construction, which included extensive use of duralumin, accommodation for easy inspection and replacement of all components, and a relatively strength-to-weight ratio.

Each of the two pilots were provided with adjustable seats, complete with armrests and straps, positioned in a side-by-side arrangement.

[7] Standard instrumentation included three revolution counters (one for each engine), six thermometers (for both oil and coolant), an altimeter, air-speed meter, three chronometers, and a single compass.

Special apparatus, such as a specialised altimeter for night flights, a gyroscopic inclinometer, and an onboard search light, were available for installation at customer request.

A baggage compartment was present in the rear of the fuselage, which was also accessible from the passenger cabin as well as via an exterior hatch.

[7] All sections of the wing provided spare internal volume for the fitting of fuel tanks, which enabled the aircraft to achieve an impressive range when configured appropriately.

[3] The Luftwaffe acquired another one, armed it and operated it at the clandestine school at Lipetsk to train bomber crews.

[18] The Spanish amusement park Tibidabo in Barcelona got a real-size replica of that plane, painted red.

It is the most famous ride in the park, opened on 23 September 1928, sometimes referred to as "the first flight simulator in the world", and called "L'avió" (Catalan for "the plane").

Rohrbach Ro.VIII 3-view drawing from NACA Aircraft Circular No.24