He is best known for his role in Cédric Klapisch's Spanish Apartment trilogy, which consists of L'Auberge Espagnole (2002), Russian Dolls (2005), and Chinese Puzzle (2013).

His father is related to Armand-Gaston Camus and his wife; the French revolutionist was an archivist who founded the Archives nationales.

[3] In 1993, Duris was noticed whilst waiting in a queue by a casting director and was offered a part in the Cédric Klapisch film Le péril jeune (1994).

His regular collaborations with Klapisch include the Spanish Apartment Trilogy (L'Auberge Espagnole, The Russian Dolls, and Chinese Puzzle), where he played French exchange student Xavier Rousseau, one of his best-known roles.

He has since gone onto become a major star in the French film industry and has starred in many successful and critically acclaimed films: Dans Paris (2006), Paris (2008), Heartbreaker (2010), The Big Picture (2010), Populaire (2012), Mood Indigo (2013), The New Girlfriend (2014), All the Money in the World (2017), The Animal Kingdom (2023), The Three Musketeers: D'Artagnan (2023) and The Three Musketeers: Milady (2023).