The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guiyang (formerly spelled Kweyang; Latin: Archidioecesis Coeiiamensis; simplified Chinese: 天主教贵阳总教区; traditional Chinese: 天主教貴陽總教區) is an archdiocese located in the city of Guiyang, provincial capital of Guizhou (formerly, Kweichow; French: Kouy-tcheou), southwestern China.

On April 24, 1690, at the time of the creation of the bishoprics of Beijing and Nanjing by Pope Alexander VIII, Guizhou came under the authority of the latter.

[1][2] However, in 1715, the then Apostolic Vicar of Kweichow, Claude de Visdelou, saw clearly that he was absolutely unable to take charge of the province, and handed over the Mission of Guizhou to Johannes Müllener [ru], Apostolic Vicar of Szechwan.

At that time, the Catholic Church in Sichuan produced a number of itinerant catechists (i.e. local missionaries) thanks to a well-organized training system.

[4] Since 1774, evangelization was carried out by Jean-Martin Moye, provicar of Eastern Szechwan (future Archdiocese of Chongqing), and a Sichuanese missionary, Benoît Sen.[5] In 1798, Lawrence Hu Shï-lu, also a missionary from Sichuan, built a small church in Guiyang (Kweyang; Kouy-yang-fou) for the Catholic community of about 100 people, which later became St. Joseph's Cathedral.