The next bishop of Rapid City was Reverend Harold Dimmerling of Saint Cloud, named by Pope Paul VI in 1969.

In 1988, Reverend Charles J. Chaput was appointed bishop of Rapid City by Pope John Paul II.

John Paul II then named Reverend Blase J. Cupich of the Archdiocese of Omaha to replace Chaput that same year.

[18] As bishop, Cupich banned children from receiving their first holy communion in the Tridentine Mass or being confirmed in the traditional form.

In 2002, Cupich prohibited a Traditional Mass community from celebrating the Paschal Triduum liturgies according to the 1962 form of the Roman Rite.

Robert D. Gruss of the Diocese of Davenport was named the next bishop of Rapid City by Pope Benedict XVI in 2011.

[22][23] Reverend John Praveen, a priest from India serving in the diocese, was arrested in October 2018 on sex abuse charges.

[25] Arriving in South Dakota in December 2017, Praveen first worked in Eagle Butte on the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe reservation, then at the Cathedral of Our Lady of Perpetual Help in June 2018.

[24] In March 2019, the diocese published a list of 21 Catholic clergy with credible accusation of sexual abuse of minors.

[26] Bishop Gruss stated that "It is important to acknowledge the horrid truth of past abuse in the church so that we can repent of these actions and to recommit ourselves to ensuring that no one is hurt moving forward.

[29] In March 2023, the Diocese of Rapid City said that its investigation could not prove the sexual abuse allegation, but that it would not return Mulloy to ministry.

[30] In November 2020, the diocese reported that federal sex abuse charges were pending against Reverend Marcin Garbacz.